ICARDA Research Mandate: Global mandate - Barley

A0N_0001.jpg	Farmers in Egypt look for useful traits in barley lines in the field. Some of the traits expressed in the field might not be expressed in the relatively favorable environment of the research station.
BRO-24.jpg	“Arta”, an improved landrace of barley, developed from germplasm collected in Syria.
BRO-4.jpg	Barley plant
Carv10-18.jpg	The initial stocks of barley seed used in the farmer-participatory trials varied not only in color but between two- and six-row ear types, modern or landraces, fixed or segregating populations.
Carv10-19a.jpg	Participatory barley breeding. A researcher (center) from the Syrian agricultural extension service helps farmers record their opinions of the 208 barley types supplied to the nine farmers given unprecedented early access to breeding germplasm.
Carv10-20.jpg	Participatory barley breeding. A trial farmer (left) at Bylounan, Syria, shows a sample of one of the varieties grown on his dry land site to researchers from Morocco, Italy and Mauritania. The growers were often harsh judges of the material supplied but also frequently recognized the value to them of germplasm rejected by a professional breeder.
Carv11-5b.jpg	ICARDA fourth EPMR member visit participatory barley breeding field with farmers and ICARDA barley breeder, Dr Ceccarelli Salvatore.
Carv11-5g.jpg	ICARDA fourth EPMR member visit participatory barley breeding field with farmers and ICARDA barley breeder, Dr Ceccarelli Salvatore.
Carv11-6.jpg	Dr P. Vasuokov (center), DDG of Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture, and Dr H. Tosun (right), DG of the Central Research Institute for Field Crops, Ankara, visit a barley experimental field in Krasnodar with colleagues from CAC countries.
Carv12-17a.jpg	New barley varieties that may eventually form part of a disease-breaking Hanfetse mixture
Carv12-17b.jpg	An Eritrean researcher (left) from the Department of Agriculture Research, notes farmer opinion on new barley varieties that may eventually form part of a disease-breaking Hanfetse mixture
Carv12-19a.jpg	High-yielding barley variety Rihane-03 which is being grown on 250,000 ha this year.
Carv13-21.jpg	Central Asia. Barley breeders from CAC and Turkey evaluate spring barley variety 'Mamluk' at Krasnodar, May 1999. From left to right: Dr T. Bessonova, Kyrgyz Institute of Agriculture; Dr V. Shevtsov, Barley Breeder, ICARDA; Dr H. Tosun, Central Research Institute of Field Crops, Turkey; and Dr A. Petrosyan, State Variety Testing Center, Armenia.
Carv14-12a.jpg	Barley: ICARDA breeder using a palm-top computer in a barley field.
Carv15-15d.jpg	Matrouh Resource Management Project: New barley varieties adopted by the Bedouin farmers surpass the local varieties by more than 60%.
Carv15-16a.jpg	Matrouh Resource Management Project: Hajji Idries inspects his fields and the results of crop improvement technologies promoted by the Project: improved varieties, and mixtures of barley and vetch interplanted with fodder shrubs.
Carv15-22a.jpg	Barley lines.
Carv15-22b.jpg	Barley lines
Carv15-22c.jpg	Technicians at ICARDA's headquarters cross-pollinate barley plants in an effort to combine specific beneficial traits, such as drought tolerance and high yield potential. Seeds from the crossed plants are grown and breeders and farmers select promising plants.
Carv15-23b.jpg	Farmers in Mardabsi, Syria, select barley lines according to their criteria. Crosses with Hordeum spontaneum (tall plants with resistance to drought) were generally preferred over modern lines.
carv16-30a.jpg	Mexico: Barley trials at Toluca Experiment Station, over 2600 meters above sea level.
carv16-30b.jpg	Crossing block of the ICARDA/CIMMYT barley breeding program.
carv16-30c.jpg	Barley crossing.
carv16-31b.jpg	Hooded barley cultivar ëCapuchonaí released in the State of Mexico.
Carv17-24.jpg	In discussing with researchers the rainfall distribution and risk in her barley production, farmer Juri Aboud used stones of different sizes as visual aids. The survey results indicated that farmers preferred a stable variety over a high-yielding but unstable one
Carv17-8.jpg	Response of barley in Chaouia, Morocco, to increased N levels (0, 40, 80, 120 kg/ha) under moisture-stressed conditions (350 mm/yr).
Carv18&19-26a.jpg	A Barley Traveling Workshop held in Ethiopia brought together researchers from Egypt and Ethiopia to review on-farm trials.
Carv18&19-27b.jpg	An Eritrean researcher from the Department of Agriculture Research, notes farmer opinion on new barley varieties that may eventually form part of a disease-breaking Hanfetse mixture.
Carv18&19-28a.jpg	Innovations being exploited in Iraq include the high-yielding barley variety Rihane-03.
Carv2-16.jpg	Barley straw. Farmers in the Middle East often feed their sheep on barley straw.
Carv2-17.jpg	Sheep feeding on barley straw - an important part of the farming system.
Carv2-18.jpg	Near Infra-Red Reflectance Spectroscopy, or NIRS. Laboratory technician Farida Mustafa loads a sample for NIRS analysis in ICARDA's Cereals Quality Laboratory. Barley sample.
Carv2-4.jpg	Barley stripe rust research. Researchers from Oregon at work in Mexico ICARDA holds the worldwide mandate for barley improvement, and in South America barley is a subsistence crop. Over the past decade, Dr Vivar, in cooperation with national programs, has developed an impressive array of barley germplasm with resistance to barely stripe rust and other biotic stresses, leading to the release of several varieties such as Calicuchima and Shyri in Ecuador.
CARV3-12.jpg	A farmer in Southern Ecuador with hulless barley, part of the IINIAP/ICARDA breeding program.
CARV3-13a.jpg	Ready-to-use barley flour from traders.
Carv4-7.jpg	Arta: a good performer which promises stable yields. Opposite page: barley breeding from landraces has been a success in Ethiopia as well as Syria.
Carv6-23c.jpg	Members of an external review team, led by a Dutch donor representative (center), study the Barley Improvement Project run by the Ethiopian national program and ICARDA. The projects goal, sustainable crop development through the use of landraces, would be assisted by the seed distribution system that ESE has developed.
Carv8-18a.jpg	Farmers, selecting barley lines at ICARDA, made their views clear, to researchers, and each other.
Carv8-18b.jpg	An Ecuadorian farmer-couple in their barley field. They were among 240 farmers who grew two improved landraces- based varieties of barley in Ecuador in 1997. The new varieties gave a six-fold increase over the national average.
Carv9-16b.jpg	Crop rotation: The yield of barley after barley is lower (foreground) than after vetch (background).